## mysql – Unknown column in ‘GENERATED ALWAYS’ when doing optimize table

Here is what is discernable from the messages you gave

``````db.some_table_name_here | optimize | note |
Table does not support optimize, doing recreate + analyze instead
``````

This is perfectly OK. This tells me that the table uses the InnoDB storage engine. This exact message comes out when doing `OPTIMIZE TABLE` against an InnoDB table.

In other words, doing `OPTIMIZE TABLE mytable` is implemented in InnoDB something like this

``````CREATE TABLE mynewtable LIKE mytable;
INSERT INTO mynewtable SELECT * FROM mytable;
DROP TABLE mytable;
RENAME TABLE mynewtable TO mytable;
ANALYZE TABLE mynewtable;
``````

I have discussed this before in the DBA StackExchange

``````db.some_table_name_here | optimize | error |
Unknown column '`db`.`t`.`total_area`' in 'GENERATED ALWAYS'
``````

This tells me that `db.some_table_name_here` has system versioning integrated. The MariaDB Documentation has a Section on it

The CREATE TABLE syntax has been extended to permit creating a system-versioned table. To be system-versioned, according to SQL:2011,
a table must have two generated columns, a period, and a special table
option clause:

``````CREATE TABLE t(
x INT,
start_timestamp TIMESTAMP(6) GENERATED ALWAYS AS ROW START,
end_timestamp TIMESTAMP(6) GENERATED ALWAYS AS ROW END,
PERIOD FOR SYSTEM_TIME(start_timestamp, end_timestamp)
) WITH SYSTEM VERSIONING;
``````

In MariaDB one can also use a simplified syntax:

``````CREATE TABLE t (
x INT
) WITH SYSTEM VERSIONING;
``````

In the latter case no extra columns will be created and they won’t clutter the output of, say, SELECT * FROM t. The versioning
information will still be stored, and it can be accessed via the
pseudo-columns ROW_START and ROW_END:

``````SELECT x, ROW_START, ROW_END FROM t;
``````

System Versioning was introduced in MariaDB 10.3. You should check the release notes on MariaDB 10.4 and 10.5 and see if you needed to do special upgrading of system versioned tables.

Until you figure out the proper way to upgrade system versioned tables, you may have to do the `optimize table` manually as I mentioned before.

Try this:

``````USE db
CREATE TABLE some_new_table_name_here LIKE some_table_name_here;
INSERT INTO some_new_table_name_here SELECT * FROM some_table_name_here;
DROP TABLE some_table_name_here;
RENAME TABLE some_new_table_name_here TO some_table_name_here;
ANALYZE TABLE some_new_table_name_here ;
``````

You still need to look up release notes anyway if you are using system versioned tables.

Look carefully

``````1 column: `calcOne` float GENERATED ALWAYS AS (if(`total_area` = 0,0,if(`square_meter_price` = 0,0,round(((`price` - `auction`) / `total_area` / `square_meter_price` - 1) * 100,2)))) STORED

2 column: `calcTwo` float GENERATED ALWAYS AS (if(`total_area` = 0,0,if(`square_meter_price_analog` = 0,0,round(((`price` - `auction`) / `total_area` / `square_meter_price_analog` - 1) * 100,2)))) STORED
``````

It is complaining about `total_area`. Is this column missing from the table ? If it is missing, then add the column back and try again.

## calculus – In Taylor’s formula, there is a remainder term that includes an unknown value z at which the (n+1)st derivative is taken; what is the range for it?

In the final exam of MIT OCW 18.01 there is the following problem:

a) Find the Taylor Series of $$ln(1+x)$$ centered at $$a=0$$.

c) Use the first two non-zero terms of the power series found in a) to
approximate $$ln(3/2)$$

d) Give an upper bound on the error in your approximation in (c) using Taylor’s inequality.

My question is about d), finding the upper bound on the error. I will show my reasoning first, and then the solution I saw which I can’t understand

The Taylor Series isn’t difficult to find, it is $$x – frac{x^2}{2}+ frac{x^3}{3} – frac{x^4}{4} + ldots = sum_{k=1}^{infty} frac{(-1)^{n-1}x^n}{n}$$

The approximation for $$ln(3/2)$$ is $$ln(3.2) = ln(1+0.5) approx 0.5 – frac{0.5^2}{2} = frac{3}{8}$$

Regarding the error for this approximation, here is my line of reasoning:

We can use Taylor’s formula expressing our function as a sum of a polynomial approximation term and a remainder $$f(x) = P_2(x) + R_2(x)$$

$$P_2(x) = x – frac{x^2}{2}$$

$$R_2(x) = frac{f^{3}(z)}{3!}x^3$$

with z a number between 0 and x.

$$f^{3}(z)=frac{(-1)^2 2!}{(1+z)^3} = frac{2!}{(1+z)^3}$$

So

$$R_2(x) = frac{x^3}{3(1+z)^3}$$

In the case of $$x=0.5$$

$$R_2(0.5) = frac{1}{24(1+z)^3}$$

We don’t know exactly what z is, but since it is between 0 and $$1/2$$, and $$R_2(0.5)$$ is decreasing in z, we can check the value at $$z=1/2$$ to find an upper bound.

For $$z=0.5$$ we get $$R_2(0.5) < frac{1}{81}$$

The official solution for finding the upper bound of the error is as follows:

$$|R_n(x)| leq M_n frac{|x^{n+1}|}{(n+1)!}$$

where $$x=0.5$$ and $$n=2$$

In addition, $$M_n geq |f^{(n+1)}(x)| implies M_2 geq frac{2}{(1+x)^3}$$

for all $$|x| leq 0.5$$. The maximum of $$M_2$$ in this range is for $$x=-0.5$$, which gives M_2 = 16, so $$|R_n(0.5)| leq 16frac{(0.5)^3}{3!}=frac{1}{3}$$

Okay, so the length of the above was just to have all the steps in case someone needs to see them. Thing is the calculations are in agreement, but instead of restricting the $$z$$ value in the remainder term to between 0 and 1/2, they allow $$z leq 0.5$$, so negative values are allowed. What am I missing?

## np complete – An unknown combinatorial optimization problem

I have $$N$$ available sensors and $$M$$ devices. Each device needs $$a$$ sensors. One sensor cannot be used on multiple devices. Each sensor has two properties defined by $$H$$ and $$R$$.

Let $$sigma_{i_H}$$ be the standard deviation of property $$H$$ for sensors on device $$i$$. Similarly, $$sigma_{i_R}$$ is the standard deviation of property $$R$$ for sensors on device $$i$$.

Now let $$s_{H}=sqrt{sum_{i=1}^{M} sigma_{i_H}^2 }$$ of all devices for the $$H$$ property. And $$s_{R}=sqrt{sum_{i=1}^{M} sigma_{i_R}^2 }$$ of all devices for the $$R$$ property.

The goal is to minimize $$mu=frac{s_H + s_R}{2}$$ .

Looking for guidance on which type of optimization problem this might be and for inspiration for different search algorithms.

## Im gettin this error in Magento 1.9.3.10: “Unknown old style column type definition: smallint unsigned.”

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## html – How to handle images with unknown dimension for CLS

To improve the CLS (Cumulative Layout Shift) you are supposed to set the width and height attribute of images. Is there any other proper way to handle images, if it’s dimension is unknown?

On my website there is a section were brand logos are displayed. The logo can be different on every page and there is no way to get the size of the image in the backend and set the attributes accordingly.

Is there any other way to handle that properly? The image should not be stretched.

That’s the current code:

``````img {
max-height: 100px;
max-width: 150px;
}``````
``````<a>
<img src="https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSgWHIrKgS3d0VR8LASdW4cXFkM5rkWtFDNgw&usqp=CAU" alt="someLogo">
</a>``````

There was a notification of the completed download, on my Android notifications, which played the file when tapped. So Android KNOWS this file was recently downloaded. (I.e. I didn’t just forget I had it there. It wasn’t moved from another directory.) The last modified timestamp confirms the file is recent (though that could be the result of move/copy).

Tapping the notification played the file, and caused the notification to disappear, and now I seem to have no way of tracking it down.

The only clue is the filename, which seems to be a UUID. Like so

fb249a29-e864-42be-b044-7c4c94d902d0.mp3

This is not a file that would be widely available online. It would likely have come from a close contact. (Voicemail download, social media post, file sharing, etc.)

What type of server, or app, would give UUID filenames to .mp3 files?

Voicemail_18006887322_20210430.mp3

showing phone number, and timestamp.)

## php fpm – Primary script unknown” while reading response header from upstream using php7.4-fpm with nginx on Ubunto 20.04

I’m currently getting Primary script unknown” while reading response header from upstream when trying to run register.php via an ajax call on a webpage delivered by NGINX.

The return is a 404 even though the file exists on the server.

This is my server conf:

``````map \$sent_http_content_type \$expires {
default                    off;
text/html                  epoch;
text/css                   7d;
application/javascript     7d;
~image/                    7d;
~font/                     7d;
}

server {
listen 80;
server_name domain.app www.domain.app;

#   expires \$expires;

location / {
root /usr/share/path/path/domain;
index index.html index.htm;
try_files \$uri \$uri/ =404;
}

error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}

location ~ .php\$ {
include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+.php)(.*)\$;
try_files \$uri =404;
fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock;
}
}
``````

This is my www.conf:

``````; Start a new pool named 'www'.
; the variable \$pool can be used in any directive and will be replaced by the
; pool name ('www' here)
(www)

; Per pool prefix
; It only applies on the following directives:
; - 'access.log'
; - 'slowlog'
; - 'listen' (unixsocket)
; - 'chroot'
; - 'chdir'
; - 'php_values'
; When not set, the global prefix (or /usr) applies instead.
; Note: This directive can also be relative to the global prefix.
; Default Value: none
;prefix = /path/to/pools/\$pool

; Unix user/group of processes
; Note: The user is mandatory. If the group is not set, the default user's group
;       will be used.
user = www-data
group = www-data

; The address on which to accept FastCGI requests.
; Valid syntaxes are:
;   'ip.add.re.ss:port'    - to listen on a TCP socket to a specific IPv4 address on
;                            a specific port;
;   '(ip:6:addr:ess):port' - to listen on a TCP socket to a specific IPv6 address on
;                            a specific port;
;   'port'                 - to listen on a TCP socket to all addresses
;                            (IPv6 and IPv4-mapped) on a specific port;
;   '/path/to/unix/socket' - to listen on a unix socket.
; Note: This value is mandatory.
listen = /run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock

; Set listen(2) backlog.
; Default Value: 511 (-1 on FreeBSD and OpenBSD)
;listen.backlog = 511

; Set permissions for unix socket, if one is used. In Linux, read/write
; permissions must be set in order to allow connections from a web server. Many
; BSD-derived systems allow connections regardless of permissions.
; Default Values: user and group are set as the running user
;                 mode is set to 0660
listen.owner = www-data
listen.group = www-data

;listen.mode = 0660
; When POSIX Access Control Lists are supported you can set them using
; these options, value is a comma separated list of user/group names.
; When set, listen.owner and listen.group are ignored
;listen.acl_users =
;listen.acl_groups =

; List of addresses (IPv4/IPv6) of FastCGI clients which are allowed to connect.
; Equivalent to the FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment variable in the original
; PHP FCGI (5.2.2+). Makes sense only with a tcp listening socket. Each address
; must be separated by a comma. If this value is left blank, connections will be
; accepted from any ip address.
; Default Value: any
;listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1

; Specify the nice(2) priority to apply to the pool processes (only if set)
; The value can vary from -19 (highest priority) to 20 (lower priority)
; Note: - It will only work if the FPM master process is launched as root
;       - The pool processes will inherit the master process priority
;         unless it specified otherwise
; Default Value: no set
; process.priority = -19

; Set the process dumpable flag (PR_SET_DUMPABLE prctl) even if the process user
; or group is differrent than the master process user. It allows to create process
; core dump and ptrace the process for the pool user.
; Default Value: no
; process.dumpable = yes

; Choose how the process manager will control the number of child processes.
; Possible Values:
;   static  - a fixed number (pm.max_children) of child processes;
;   dynamic - the number of child processes are set dynamically based on the
;             following directives. With this process management, there will be
;             always at least 1 children.
;             pm.max_children      - the maximum number of children that can
;                                    be alive at the same time.
;             pm.start_servers     - the number of children created on startup.
;             pm.min_spare_servers - the minimum number of children in 'idle'
;                                    state (waiting to process). If the number
;                                    of 'idle' processes is less than this
;                                    number then some children will be created.
;             pm.max_spare_servers - the maximum number of children in 'idle'
;                                    state (waiting to process). If the number
;                                    of 'idle' processes is greater than this
;                                    number then some children will be killed.
;  ondemand - no children are created at startup. Children will be forked when
;             new requests will connect. The following parameter are used:
;             pm.max_children           - the maximum number of children that
;                                         can be alive at the same time.
;             pm.process_idle_timeout   - The number of seconds after which
;                                         an idle process will be killed.
; Note: This value is mandatory.
pm = dynamic

; The number of child processes to be created when pm is set to 'static' and the
; maximum number of child processes when pm is set to 'dynamic' or 'ondemand'.
; This value sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be
; served. Equivalent to the ApacheMaxClients directive with mpm_prefork.
; Equivalent to the PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment variable in the original PHP
; CGI. The below defaults are based on a server without much resources. Don't
; forget to tweak pm.* to fit your needs.
; Note: Used when pm is set to 'static', 'dynamic' or 'ondemand'
; Note: This value is mandatory.
pm.max_children = 5

; The number of child processes created on startup.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
; Default Value: (min_spare_servers + max_spare_servers) / 2
pm.start_servers = 2

; The desired minimum number of idle server processes.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to 'dynamic'
pm.min_spare_servers = 1

; The desired maximum number of idle server processes.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to 'dynamic'
pm.max_spare_servers = 3

; The number of seconds after which an idle process will be killed.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'ondemand'
; Default Value: 10s
;pm.process_idle_timeout = 10s;

; The number of requests each child process should execute before respawning.
; This can be useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries. For
; endless request processing specify '0'. Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS.
; Default Value: 0
;pm.max_requests = 500

; The URI to view the FPM status page. If this value is not set, no URI will be
; recognized as a status page. It shows the following informations:
;   pool                 - the name of the pool;
;   process manager      - static, dynamic or ondemand;
;   start time           - the date and time FPM has started;
;   start since          - number of seconds since FPM has started;
;   accepted conn        - the number of request accepted by the pool;
;   listen queue         - the number of request in the queue of pending
;   max listen queue     - the maximum number of requests in the queue
;                          of pending connections since FPM has started;
;   listen queue len     - the size of the socket queue of pending connections;
;   idle processes       - the number of idle processes;
;   active processes     - the number of active processes;
;   total processes      - the number of idle + active processes;
;   max active processes - the maximum number of active processes since FPM
;                          has started;
;   max children reached - number of times, the process limit has been reached,
;                          when pm tries to start more children (works only for
;                          pm 'dynamic' and 'ondemand');
; Value are updated in real time.
; Example output:
;   pool:                 www
;   process manager:      static
;   start time:           01/Jul/2011:17:53:49 +0200
;   start since:          62636
;   accepted conn:        190460
;   listen queue:         0
;   max listen queue:     1
;   listen queue len:     42
;   idle processes:       4
;   active processes:     11
;   total processes:      15
;   max active processes: 12
;   max children reached: 0
;
; By default the status page output is formatted as text/plain. Passing either
; 'html', 'xml' or 'json' in the query string will return the corresponding
; output syntax. Example:
;   http://www.foo.bar/status
;   http://www.foo.bar/status?json
;   http://www.foo.bar/status?html
;   http://www.foo.bar/status?xml
;
; By default the status page only outputs short status. Passing 'full' in the
; query string will also return status for each pool process.
; Example:
;   http://www.foo.bar/status?full
;   http://www.foo.bar/status?json&full
;   http://www.foo.bar/status?html&full
;   http://www.foo.bar/status?xml&full
; The Full status returns for each process:
;   pid                  - the PID of the process;
;   state                - the state of the process (Idle, Running, ...);
;   start time           - the date and time the process has started;
;   start since          - the number of seconds since the process has started;
;   requests             - the number of requests the process has served;
;   request duration     - the duration in µs of the requests;
;   request method       - the request method (GET, POST, ...);
;   request URI          - the request URI with the query string;
;   content length       - the content length of the request (only with POST);
;   user                 - the user (PHP_AUTH_USER) (or '-' if not set);
;   script               - the main script called (or '-' if not set);
;   last request cpu     - the %cpu the last request consumed
;                          it's always 0 if the process is not in Idle state
;                          because CPU calculation is done when the request
;                          processing has terminated;
;   last request memory  - the max amount of memory the last request consumed
;                          it's always 0 if the process is not in Idle state
;                          because memory calculation is done when the request
;                          processing has terminated;
; If the process is in Idle state, then informations are related to the
; last request the process has served. Otherwise informations are related to
; the current request being served.
; Example output:
;   ************************
;   pid:                  31330
;   state:                Running
;   start time:           01/Jul/2011:17:53:49 +0200
;   start since:          63087
;   requests:             12808
;   request duration:     1250261
;   request method:       GET
;   request URI:          /test_mem.php?N=10000
;   content length:       0
;   user:                 -
;   script:               /home/fat/web/docs/php/test_mem.php
;   last request cpu:     0.00
;   last request memory:  0
;
; Note: There is a real-time FPM status monitoring sample web page available
;       It's available in: /usr/share/php/7.4/fpm/status.html
;
;       anything, but it may not be a good idea to use the .php extension or it
;       may conflict with a real PHP file.
; Default Value: not set
;pm.status_path = /status

; The ping URI to call the monitoring page of FPM. If this value is not set, no
; URI will be recognized as a ping page. This could be used to test from outside
; that FPM is alive and responding, or to
; - create a graph of FPM availability (rrd or such);
; - remove a server from a group if it is not responding (load balancing);
;       anything, but it may not be a good idea to use the .php extension or it
;       may conflict with a real PHP file.
; Default Value: not set
;ping.path = /ping

; This directive may be used to customize the response of a ping request. The
; response is formatted as text/plain with a 200 response code.
; Default Value: pong
;ping.response = pong

; The access log file
; Default: not set
access.log = /var/log/\$pool.access.log

; The access log format.
; The following syntax is allowed
;  %%: the '%' character
;  %C: %CPU used by the request
;      it can accept the following format:
;      - %{user}C for user CPU only
;      - %{system}C for system CPU only
;      - %{total}C  for user + system CPU (default)
;  %d: time taken to serve the request
;      it can accept the following format:
;      - %{seconds}d (default)
;      - %{miliseconds}d
;      - %{mili}d
;      - %{microseconds}d
;      - %{micro}d
;  %e: an environment variable (same as \$_ENV or \$_SERVER)
;      it must be associated with embraces to specify the name of the env
;      variable. Some exemples:
;      - server specifics like: %{REQUEST_METHOD}e or %{SERVER_PROTOCOL}e
;      - HTTP headers like: %{HTTP_HOST}e or %{HTTP_USER_AGENT}e
;  %f: script filename
;  %l: content-length of the request (for POST request only)
;  %m: request method
;  %M: peak of memory allocated by PHP
;      it can accept the following format:
;      - %{bytes}M (default)
;      - %{kilobytes}M
;      - %{kilo}M
;      - %{megabytes}M
;      - %{mega}M
;  %n: pool name
;      it must be associated with embraces to specify the name of the header:
;      - %{Content-Type}o
;      - %{X-Powered-By}o
;      - %{Transfert-Encoding}o
;      - ....
;  %p: PID of the child that serviced the request
;  %P: PID of the parent of the child that serviced the request
;  %q: the query string
;  %Q: the '?' character if query string exists
;  %r: the request URI (without the query string, see %q and %Q)
;  %s: status (response code)
;  %t: server time the request was received
;      it can accept a strftime(3) format:
;      %d/%b/%Y:%H:%M:%S %z (default)
;      The strftime(3) format must be encapsuled in a %{<strftime_format>}t tag
;      e.g. for a ISO8601 formatted timestring, use: %{%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%z}t
;  %T: time the log has been written (the request has finished)
;      it can accept a strftime(3) format:
;      %d/%b/%Y:%H:%M:%S %z (default)
;      The strftime(3) format must be encapsuled in a %{<strftime_format>}t tag
;      e.g. for a ISO8601 formatted timestring, use: %{%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%z}t
;  %u: remote user
;
; Default: "%R - %u %t "%m %r" %s"
;access.format = "%R - %u %t "%m %r%Q%q" %s %f %{mili}d %{kilo}M %C%%"

; The log file for slow requests
; Default Value: not set
; Note: slowlog is mandatory if request_slowlog_timeout is set
;slowlog = log/\$pool.log.slow

; The timeout for serving a single request after which a PHP backtrace will be
; dumped to the 'slowlog' file. A value of '0s' means 'off'.
; Available units: s(econds)(default), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays)
; Default Value: 0
;request_slowlog_timeout = 0

; Depth of slow log stack trace.
; Default Value: 20
;request_slowlog_trace_depth = 20

; The timeout for serving a single request after which the worker process will
; be killed. This option should be used when the 'max_execution_time' ini option
; does not stop script execution for some reason. A value of '0' means 'off'.
; Available units: s(econds)(default), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays)
; Default Value: 0
;request_terminate_timeout = 0

; The timeout set by 'request_terminate_timeout' ini option is not engaged after
; application calls 'fastcgi_finish_request' or when application has finished and
; shutdown functions are being called (registered via register_shutdown_function).
; This option will enable timeout limit to be applied unconditionally
; even in such cases.
; Default Value: no
;request_terminate_timeout_track_finished = no

; Set open file descriptor rlimit.
; Default Value: system defined value
;rlimit_files = 1024

; Set max core size rlimit.
; Possible Values: 'unlimited' or an integer greater or equal to 0
; Default Value: system defined value
;rlimit_core = 0

; Chroot to this directory at the start. This value must be defined as an
; absolute path. When this value is not set, chroot is not used.
; Note: you can prefix with '\$prefix' to chroot to the pool prefix or one
; of its subdirectories. If the pool prefix is not set, the global prefix
; Note: chrooting is a great security feature and should be used whenever
;       possible. However, all PHP paths will be relative to the chroot
;       (error_log, sessions.save_path, ...).
; Default Value: not set
;chroot =

; Chdir to this directory at the start.
; Note: relative path can be used.
; Default Value: current directory or / when chroot
;chdir = /var/www

; Redirect worker stdout and stderr into main error log. If not set, stdout and
; stderr will be redirected to /dev/null according to FastCGI specs.
; Note: on highloaded environement, this can cause some delay in the page
; process time (several ms).
; Default Value: no
;catch_workers_output = yes

; Decorate worker output with prefix and suffix containing information about
; the child that writes to the log and if stdout or stderr is used as well as
; log level and time. This options is used only if catch_workers_output is yes.
; Settings to "no" will output data as written to the stdout or stderr.
; Default value: yes
;decorate_workers_output = no

; Clear environment in FPM workers
; Prevents arbitrary environment variables from reaching FPM worker processes
; by clearing the environment in workers before env vars specified in this
; Setting to "no" will make all environment variables available to PHP code
; via getenv(), \$_ENV and \$_SERVER.
; Default Value: yes
;clear_env = no

; Limits the extensions of the main script FPM will allow to parse. This can
; prevent configuration mistakes on the web server side. You should only limit
; FPM to .php extensions to prevent malicious users to use other extensions to
; execute php code.
; Note: set an empty value to allow all extensions.
; Default Value: .php
;security.limit_extensions = .php .php3 .php4 .php5 .php7

; Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH. All \$VARIABLEs are taken from
; the current environment.
; Default Value: clean env
;env(HOSTNAME) = \$HOSTNAME
;env(PATH) = /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin
;env(TMP) = /tmp
;env(TMPDIR) = /tmp
;env(TEMP) = /tmp

; Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers. These settings
; overwrite the values previously defined in the php.ini. The directives are the
; same as the PHP SAPI:
;   php_value/php_flag             - you can set classic ini defines which can
;                                    be overwritten from PHP call 'ini_set'.
;                                     PHP call 'ini_set'
; For php_*flag, valid values are on, off, 1, 0, true, false, yes or no.

; Defining 'extension' will load the corresponding shared extension from
; extension_dir. Defining 'disable_functions' or 'disable_classes' will not
; overwrite previously defined php.ini values, but will append the new value

; Note: path INI options can be relative and will be expanded with the prefix
; (pool, global or /usr)

; Default Value: nothing is defined by default except the values in php.ini and
;                specified at startup with the -d argument
;php_admin_value(sendmail_path) = /usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i -f www@my.domain.com
;php_flag(display_errors) = off
``````

## ajax – WordPress JSON return unknown characters fo non English characters

for a project i create an endpoint something like wp-json/HSE/v1/reports which return json file
everything is okey , also Engligh words , but for non English words i have real problem that its bring back something like `u0645u0627u0647u0627u0646 u0633u06ccu0631u062cu0627u0646`
its confusing me at all .

i also check the `wp-json/wp/v2/posts` and watch the same problem .English words are fine but non English words are not readable .

what should i do to fix this ?
anyone can help me please ?

## visual studio code – PHP error with “logger.php” – Unknown: Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in Unknown on line 0

For some reason, the file `logger.php` (belonging to the PHP Server extension) is missing.

The solution is creating it (in the path indicated in the error message) with the following content:

``````<?php
\$path = parse_url(\$_SERVER("REQUEST_URI"), PHP_URL_PATH);
\$relativePath = getenv('PHP_SERVER_RELATIVE_PATH');
\$fullPath = \$_SERVER("DOCUMENT_ROOT") . \$relativePath . \$path;
if (!file_exists(\$fullPath) || is_dir(\$fullPath)) {
file_put_contents("php://stderr", sprintf("(%s) %s", date("D M j H:i:s Y"), "(404) \$path - No such file or directory "));
}
else {
file_put_contents("php://stdout", sprintf("(%s) %s", date("D M j H:i:s Y"), "(200) \$path"));
}
return false;
?>
``````

## router – Unknown hostname for the hosts on the same LAN

I am not very experienced in networking. However, i know some fundamentals.

Now, I do have one Raspberry Pi and one laptop connected to same WiFi in my home.

The hostnames are raspberrypi and laptop1.

When I check 192.168.1.1 (modem interface) I can see that both devices are connected to wifi, and their hostnames are correctly identified there.

The ip numbers are:

raspberrypi 192.168.1.40

laptop1 192.168.1.35

Then I think that if I make a ping from my laptop, addressing raspberrypi, as follows

``````ping raspberrypi
``````

The DNS should resolve name raspberrypi to the ip (192.168.1.40) and it should work fine. However, that is not the case. I get unknown host raspberrypi warning.

On the other hand, I am able to ping raspberrypi by `ping 192.168.1.40`.

This is also valid for ssh or nslookup, etc.

I don’t understand why my router cannot resolve those hostnames and let my pc know about it.

I think I might have some conceptual misunderstanding. So, I will be waiting for any help.

Thanks.